When an employee didn’t perform adequately in a particular situation, it is the duty of the boss to tell them about it, and explain what should have been done. Unfortunately, there are a ton of bosses that find this hard to do. Instead, they will ignore the situation or casually mention it but sugar-coat it in such a way that the employee hardly recognizes it as a serious comment. Hence, the individual goes about their work, thinking all is going well.

It matters not whether you are a for-profit business, an arm of a government, an education system or a non-profit, the world changes. Technologies evolve, lifestyles come and go, economic conditions shift in surprising ways, and new players emerge with bright ideas that bring about big upheavals.

So…if you are pursuing innovation or major change, the lessons are obvious …

When it comes to bosses, over the decades, I have worked for/observed a whole bunch. I think the hard-to-read bosses are the most troublesome. They come in three varieties: